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Water pollution occurs when harmful substances contaminate water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater, often due to human activities. Common pollutants include agricultural runoff, industrial waste, sewage, heavy metals, and hazardous chemicals. These pollutants can have severe effects on human health, leading to diseases like typhoid, cholera, and hepatitis, and can also disrupt entire ecosystems, causing significant environmental damage. Preventing water pollution involves measures like controlling the use of pesticides and fertilizers, properly treating industrial waste, establishing water quality standards, and ensuring correct sewage disposal. Understanding and mitigating water pollution is essential for protecting both human health and the environment.
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